Allative
The allative (Allatiivi) case is part of the external locative cases. It typically corresponds to the “to”, “on” or “onto” prepositions in English, and usually refers to a change or observation of “something going from outside to a closeby position”. In Finnish it is indicated by the -lle suffix.
Concept
- When something is going to (but not necessarily into) something else, such as an open space.
- When giving something to someone.
Usage
When going to but not necessarily into something, such as a generally open space, add -lle to the word.
| Word | Translation | Example | Example translated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word Talo | Translation House |
Example
Talolle, taloille | Example translated To the house(s) |
| Word Kaappi | Translation Cupboard |
Example
Kaapille, kaapeille | Example translated To the cupboard(s) |
| Word Laatikko | Translation Box |
Example
Laatikolle, laatikoille | Example translated To the box(es) |
| Word Tasku | Translation Pocket |
Example
Taskulle, taskuille | Example translated To the pocket(s) |
| Word Auto | Translation Car |
Example
Autolle, autoille | Example translated To the car(s) |
Such as objects of any type.
| Word | Translation |
|---|---|
| Word Joulupukki antaa paljon joululahjoja lapsille | Translation Santa Claus gives many gifts to the children |
| Word Minä ostin lahja ystävän kissalle | Translation I bought a gift for my friend’s cat |
| Word Voitko sinä antaa minulle kahvia? | Translation Can you give to me some coffee? |
Formation
Words that end in a single vowel of -a/-ä, -o/-ö or -u/-y simply add the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Piha | Conjugation Pihalle |
| Word Katu | Conjugation Kadulle |
| Word Parveke | Conjugation Parvekkeelle |
Words that end in -e acquire a second -e before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Huone | Conjugation Huoneelle |
| Word Vene | Conjugation Veneelle |
| Word Lentokone | Conjugation Lentokoneelle |
Words that end in -nen change to -se before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Keltainen | Conjugation Keltaiselle |
| Word Suomalainen | Conjugation Suomalaiselle |
| Word Toinen | Conjugation Toiselle |
New Finnish words typically look or sound like words in other languages. They perhaps most commonly seem to resemble English words. These words simply add the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Pankki | Conjugation Pankille |
| Word Bussi | Conjugation Bussille |
| Word Kahvi | Conjugation Kahville |
Old Finnish words that end in -i change to -e before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Järvi | Conjugation Järvelle |
| Word Lahti | Conjugation Lahdelle |
| Word Suomi | Conjugation Suomelle |
Old Finnish words that end in -si change to -de before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Uusi | Conjugation Uudelle |
| Word Kuukausi | Conjugation Kuukaudelle |
| Word Vuosi | Conjugation Vuodelle |