Allative
The allative (Allatiivi) case is part of the external locative cases. It typically corresponds to the “to”, “on” or “onto” prepositions in English, and usually refers to a change or observation of “something going from outside to a closeby position”. In Finnish it is indicated by the -lle suffix.
Concept
- When something is going to (but not necessarily into) something else, such as an open space.
- When giving something to someone.
Usage
When going to but not necessarily into something, such as a generally open space, add -lle to the word.
| Word | Translation | Example | Example translated |
|---|---|---|---|
Talo | House | Talolle, taloille | To the house(s) |
Kaappi | Cupboard | Kaapille, kaapeille | To the cupboard(s) |
Laatikko | Box | Laatikolle, laatikoille | To the box(es) |
Tasku | Pocket | Taskulle, taskuille | To the pocket(s) |
Auto | Car | Autolle, autoille | To the car(s) |
Such as objects of any type.
| Word | Translation |
|---|---|
Joulupukki antaa paljon joululahjoja lapsille | Santa Claus gives many gifts to the children |
Minä ostin lahja ystävän kissalle | I bought a gift for my friend’s cat |
Voitko sinä antaa minulle kahvia? | Can you give to me some coffee? |
Formation
Words that end in a single vowel of -a/-ä, -o/-ö or -u/-y simply add the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
Piha | Pihalle |
Katu | Kadulle |
Parveke | Parvekkeelle |
Words that end in -e acquire a second -e before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
Huone | Huoneelle |
Vene | Veneelle |
Lentokone | Lentokoneelle |
Words that end in -nen change to -se before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
Keltainen | Keltaiselle |
Suomalainen | Suomalaiselle |
Toinen | Toiselle |
New Finnish words typically look or sound like words in other languages. They perhaps most commonly seem to resemble English words. These words simply add the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
Pankki | Pankille |
Bussi | Bussille |
Kahvi | Kahville |
Old Finnish words that end in -i change to -e before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
Järvi | Järvelle |
Lahti | Lahdelle |
Suomi | Suomelle |
Old Finnish words that end in -si change to -de before adding the -lle suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
Uusi | Uudelle |
Kuukausi | Kuukaudelle |
Vuosi | Vuodelle |